MAAJABU YA MTANDAONI,BOFYA HAPO CHINI HUTAAMINI MACHO YAKO
A strong partnership with your doctor is a vital first step in protecting
your heart health. But to make a lasting difference, you’ll also
need to learn more about heart disease and the kinds of habits and
conditions that can increase your risk. It’s your heart, and you’re in
charge. What follows is a guide to the most important risk factors
for heart disease and how each of them affects your health.
Smoking
Smoking is “the leading cause of preventable death and disease
in the United States,” according to the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC). People who smoke are up to six times more
likely to suffer a heart attack than nonsmokers, and the risk increases
with the number of cigarettes smoked each day. Smoking can
also shorten a healthy life, because smokers are likely to suffer a
heart attack or other major heart problem at least 10 years sooner
than nonsmokers.
But heart disease is far from the only health risk faced by smokers.
Smoking also raises the risk of stroke and greatly increases the
chances of developing lung cancer. Smoking is also linked with
many other types of cancer, including cancers of the mouth, urinary
tract, kidney, and cervix. Smoking also causes most cases of chronic
obstructive lung disease, which includes bronchitis and emphysema.
If you live or work with others, your secondhand smoke can cause
numerous health problems in those individuals. A recent study
shows a 60-percent increased risk of heart disease for nonsmokers
who are regularly exposed to secondhand smoke.
Currently, 25 percent of American men and 20 percent of American
women are smokers. Even more disturbing, 26 percent of high
school seniors smoke. In young people, smoking can interfere with
lung growth and cause more frequent and severe respiratory illnesses,
in addition to heart disease and cancer risks. The younger people
TAFADHALI SHARE HABARI HII KWA RAFIKI ZAKO HAPO CHINI ILI IWAFIKIE NA WENGINE PIA
Pig industry sustains livelihoods of many families in Kenya. Pig rearing has been one of wellestablishedindustry
in Kenya following growing export markets and increasing number of health
conscious consumers. Pig production if efficiently managed has great potentials for increasing
protein supply in Kenya. Smallholder pig farms in Tharaka-Nithi County have been facing
varying and dismal profits. The main objective of this study will be to establish which
institutional arrangements and management factors affect the profit efficiency of small-holder
pig farmers in Tharaka-Nithi County. A multi-stage purposive sampling technique will be
adopted to collect cross sectional data of eighty (80) smallholder pig farmers in Maara
Constituency by the use of semi-structured interview schedules. The work will employ Data
Envelopment Analysis to come up with profit efficiency rankings among the farmers and
stochastic frontier profit function will be used to analyze the factors that affect profit efficiency.
The data will be processed using STATA and DEA Frontier packages. The findings could be
useful to the stakeholders of the pig industry sub sector to formulate policies pertaining to pig
enterprise inputs, marketing issues and financial products and also can establish benchmarks
which can be used as a package for enhancing and stabilizing profit efficiencies of smallholder
pig farmers which in turn could help improve the Kenya economy.
An Overview of Livestock Sub-sector in Kenya Perspectives, Opportunities and Innovations for Market Access for Market Access for Pastoral Producers Recent statistics point that the livestock sub-sector in Kenya accounts for approximately 10% of the National Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This is 30% of the agricultural GDP. It employs about 50% of the national agricultural workforce and about 90% of the ASAL workforce. 95% of ASAL household income comes from this sub-sector. This is despite the fact that the sector receives only 1 % of the total annual budget allocation. The livestock resource base is estimated at 60 million units comprising of 29 million indigenous and exotic chicken, 10 million beef cattle, 3 million dairy and dairy crosses, 9 million goats, 7 million sheep, 0.8 mi camels, 0.52 mi donkeys and 0.3 million pigs. (Strategy for Revitalizing Agriculture (SRA) 2003) Kenya is broadly self-sufficient in most livestock products but is a net importer of red meat mostly inform of on-the-hoof animals trekked across the porous boundaries of neighbouring countries- Somalia, Ethiopia, Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania. Livestock supply in Kenya results from a complex set of interactions between Kenya and its neighbours and the traditional Middle East market and their respective livestock populations, demand and market prices. Kenya is part of a regional market where livestock flow according to markets and price differentials in a liberalized system throughout the region as a whole and where Nairobi represents a focus of demand for the region Supply of red-meat from domestic cattle, shoats and camels falls short of demand, and is almost permanently augmented by a traditional livestock trade drawn in from neighbouring countries, especially Somalia, Tanzania, Sudan and Ethiopia in varying quantities according to demand, which maintains a supply/demand
[1.6MB]SIJAAMINI WEMA SEPETU ANACHOKIFAYA HAPO KWENYE HII VIDEO BOFYA UONE
