MAAJABU YA MTANDAONI,BOFYA HAPO CHINI HUTAAMINI MACHO YAKO
Legumes
Legumes, which include various beans, peas, and lentils, are mainstays of a heart-healthy diet. They provide low-fat, plant-based protein and fiber along with a wide array of heart-healthy nutrients. Legumes are abundant in soluble fiber, which has been shown to help reduce blood levels of atherosclerotic LDL cholesterol.4
Brill points to soy, another legume, as one of the ultimate health foods for CVD prevention. “For the sake of your heart, eat soy,” Brill says. Best consumed in its natural form, such as edamame or tempeh, Brill explains, “Soy lowers LDL a bit and is high in heart-healthy plant
protein, antioxidants, fiber, and estrogenlike compounds” (see Resources for National Soybean Research Lab and Messina).
Legumes can replace less healthful foods. Choosing legumes over animal protein is a win-win situation in terms of CVD prevention, Brill says. “By choosing plant protein, you get much more bang for your buck. You’re getting amino acids, fiber, minerals, iron, and antioxidants, and you’re getting a food with bonus nutrients that boost your body’s antioxidant levels, lower cholesterol, and provide folate, which is known to lower homocysteine—high levels of which are a risk factor for CVD—all this for just pennies on the dollar. With animal protein, you’re getting the excess baggage of saturated fat and cholesterol and more calories.”
Joan Salge Blake, MS, RD, LDN, author of Nutrition & You and a media spokesperson for the Academy, recommends her clients choose beans instead of meat, fish, and poultry because beans are inexpensive, offer a healthful source of plant-based protein, and are high in cholesterol-lowering soluble fiber. And beans are easy to prepare. “It’s just a matter of opening the can and making your pasta with beans instead of meat or adding them to a salad,” Salge Blake says. “They’re a very heart-healthy and economical way for Americans to change their diet in a positive way.”
Fish
High in protein, low in saturated fat, and loaded with omega-3 fatty acids, the AHA recommends Americans consume at least two servings of fatty fish per week. Omega-3 fatty acids are believed to confer heart-health benefits for those with and without a high risk or diagnosis of CVD. Consuming fish rich in omega-3s may decrease the risk of cardiac arrhythmias, which can lead to sudden death; decrease triglyceride levels; slow the growth rate of atherosclerotic plaque; and modestly reduce blood pressure.5 Results of a large, prospective cohort of healthy young women aged 15 to 47 by Strøm and colleagues, published in the January 2012 issue of Hypertension, revealed that people who consume little or no fish and omega-3 fatty acids have an increased risk of developing CVD.6
TAFADHALI SHARE HABARI HII KWA RAFIKI ZAKO HAPO CHINI ILI IWAFIKIE NA WENGINE PIA
Pig industry sustains livelihoods of many families in Kenya. Pig rearing has been one of wellestablishedindustry
in Kenya following growing export markets and increasing number of health
conscious consumers. Pig production if efficiently managed has great potentials for increasing
protein supply in Kenya. Smallholder pig farms in Tharaka-Nithi County have been facing
varying and dismal profits. The main objective of this study will be to establish which
institutional arrangements and management factors affect the profit efficiency of small-holder
pig farmers in Tharaka-Nithi County. A multi-stage purposive sampling technique will be
adopted to collect cross sectional data of eighty (80) smallholder pig farmers in Maara
Constituency by the use of semi-structured interview schedules. The work will employ Data
Envelopment Analysis to come up with profit efficiency rankings among the farmers and
stochastic frontier profit function will be used to analyze the factors that affect profit efficiency.
The data will be processed using STATA and DEA Frontier packages. The findings could be
useful to the stakeholders of the pig industry sub sector to formulate policies pertaining to pig
enterprise inputs, marketing issues and financial products and also can establish benchmarks
which can be used as a package for enhancing and stabilizing profit efficiencies of smallholder
pig farmers which in turn could help improve the Kenya economy.
An Overview of Livestock Sub-sector in Kenya Perspectives, Opportunities and Innovations for Market Access for Market Access for Pastoral Producers Recent statistics point that the livestock sub-sector in Kenya accounts for approximately 10% of the National Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This is 30% of the agricultural GDP. It employs about 50% of the national agricultural workforce and about 90% of the ASAL workforce. 95% of ASAL household income comes from this sub-sector. This is despite the fact that the sector receives only 1 % of the total annual budget allocation. The livestock resource base is estimated at 60 million units comprising of 29 million indigenous and exotic chicken, 10 million beef cattle, 3 million dairy and dairy crosses, 9 million goats, 7 million sheep, 0.8 mi camels, 0.52 mi donkeys and 0.3 million pigs. (Strategy for Revitalizing Agriculture (SRA) 2003) Kenya is broadly self-sufficient in most livestock products but is a net importer of red meat mostly inform of on-the-hoof animals trekked across the porous boundaries of neighbouring countries- Somalia, Ethiopia, Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania. Livestock supply in Kenya results from a complex set of interactions between Kenya and its neighbours and the traditional Middle East market and their respective livestock populations, demand and market prices. Kenya is part of a regional market where livestock flow according to markets and price differentials in a liberalized system throughout the region as a whole and where Nairobi represents a focus of demand for the region Supply of red-meat from domestic cattle, shoats and camels falls short of demand, and is almost permanently augmented by a traditional livestock trade drawn in from neighbouring countries, especially Somalia, Tanzania, Sudan and Ethiopia in varying quantities according to demand, which maintains a supply/demand
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