MAAJABU YA MTANDAONI,BOFYA HAPO CHINI HUTAAMINI MACHO YAKO
Breeds of pig
The most popular pig breeds include:
• Large White and Landrace cross females and the most popular as they are efficient at producing lean meat.
• The most popular boar is the Large White.
• Duroc and Hampshire are also popular breeds.
The lifecycle of pigs
Pigs are generally reared indoors in barns with open sides, natural ventilation and straw or slats which allow drainage of excrement. Some 40% of breeding pigs are kept outside, with huts for shade and protection from the elements. In the summer (deleted large amount) water is used to create an area for the pigs to wallow and remain cool in the heat. Pigs are like dogs and are not able to sweat to regulate their body temperature.
Once a sow (female pig) has been serviced by the boar (male pig) or artificially inseminated the gestation period will last 3 months, 3 weeks and 3 days. A sow can give birth to two litters a year.
Sows give birth in a farrowing house which contains individual farrowing crates to protect the piglets. These protect the mother and piglets during birth and while they are suckling.
Piglets are born with teeth and may have these clipped or ground to protect the sow’s teats and udder. This also reduces the injury of piglets when they are playing with each other.
After about 4 weeks, once weaned, the piglets leave the sow to be reared in separate accommodation.
Pigs are normally sent to the abattoir at 6-7 months. The farmer will decide if the sow will be taken to be served by a boar (or more commonly artificially inseminated) or to sent to the abattoir (typically after 6 litters).
Adult pigs will feed on cereals such as corn and soya for carbohydrate and protein. Their diet can be supplemented with vitamins and minerals.
Three main groups of sheep breeds:
• Mountain and Moorland/Upland
These are hardy sheep which can cope with rugged terrain, such as Welsh Mountain and Swaledale.
• Longwool
These are originally bred for their wool, but now used in cross breeding, such as Border Leicester and Bluefaced Leicester.
• Terminal Sire Breeds
These are compact muscular type of sheep suitable for grassland and less harsh environments, such as Suffolk, Charollais and Texel.
TAFADHALI SHARE HABARI HII KWA RAFIKI ZAKO HAPO CHINI ILI IWAFIKIE NA WENGINE PIA
Pig industry sustains livelihoods of many families in Kenya. Pig rearing has been one of wellestablishedindustry
in Kenya following growing export markets and increasing number of health
conscious consumers. Pig production if efficiently managed has great potentials for increasing
protein supply in Kenya. Smallholder pig farms in Tharaka-Nithi County have been facing
varying and dismal profits. The main objective of this study will be to establish which
institutional arrangements and management factors affect the profit efficiency of small-holder
pig farmers in Tharaka-Nithi County. A multi-stage purposive sampling technique will be
adopted to collect cross sectional data of eighty (80) smallholder pig farmers in Maara
Constituency by the use of semi-structured interview schedules. The work will employ Data
Envelopment Analysis to come up with profit efficiency rankings among the farmers and
stochastic frontier profit function will be used to analyze the factors that affect profit efficiency.
The data will be processed using STATA and DEA Frontier packages. The findings could be
useful to the stakeholders of the pig industry sub sector to formulate policies pertaining to pig
enterprise inputs, marketing issues and financial products and also can establish benchmarks
which can be used as a package for enhancing and stabilizing profit efficiencies of smallholder
pig farmers which in turn could help improve the Kenya economy.
An Overview of Livestock Sub-sector in Kenya Perspectives, Opportunities and Innovations for Market Access for Market Access for Pastoral Producers Recent statistics point that the livestock sub-sector in Kenya accounts for approximately 10% of the National Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This is 30% of the agricultural GDP. It employs about 50% of the national agricultural workforce and about 90% of the ASAL workforce. 95% of ASAL household income comes from this sub-sector. This is despite the fact that the sector receives only 1 % of the total annual budget allocation. The livestock resource base is estimated at 60 million units comprising of 29 million indigenous and exotic chicken, 10 million beef cattle, 3 million dairy and dairy crosses, 9 million goats, 7 million sheep, 0.8 mi camels, 0.52 mi donkeys and 0.3 million pigs. (Strategy for Revitalizing Agriculture (SRA) 2003) Kenya is broadly self-sufficient in most livestock products but is a net importer of red meat mostly inform of on-the-hoof animals trekked across the porous boundaries of neighbouring countries- Somalia, Ethiopia, Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania. Livestock supply in Kenya results from a complex set of interactions between Kenya and its neighbours and the traditional Middle East market and their respective livestock populations, demand and market prices. Kenya is part of a regional market where livestock flow according to markets and price differentials in a liberalized system throughout the region as a whole and where Nairobi represents a focus of demand for the region Supply of red-meat from domestic cattle, shoats and camels falls short of demand, and is almost permanently augmented by a traditional livestock trade drawn in from neighbouring countries, especially Somalia, Tanzania, Sudan and Ethiopia in varying quantities according to demand, which maintains a supply/demand
[1.6MB]SIJAAMINI WEMA SEPETU ANACHOKIFAYA HAPO KWENYE HII VIDEO BOFYA UONE
