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Introduction Welcome to our course on poultry keeping. Poultry keeping is one of the most popular forms of businesses among small-scale farmers. This is because poultry requires little capital, is easy to rear and easy to manage. Poultry keeping thus provides farmers with a great opportunity to start an income generating activity. The aim of this course is to provide you with all the knowledge and skills you need to raise poultry for meat and eggs and manage a small-scale commercial poultry business. This main target group of this course is farmers who are interested in starting a poultry business. However, extension workers and other stakeholders who are interested in working with small-scale poultry farmers will also benefit. There are many types of poultry but in this course we shall concentrate on chicken. We will start by looking at the economics of poultry production so that you can make an informed decision about the viability of this business before you start. Then we shall discuss various important aspects of poultry farming, such as, poultry housing, types of chicken breeds, brooding, feed management, health management, and poultry production and marketing. Course Objectives By the end of this course you should be able to:  Explain the economic importance of poultry farming  Determine the best housing design for your poultry project  Identify a suitable breed for your poultry project  Determine the best poultry management system to use for your project  Formulate feed rations based on the nutrient requirements of your chicken  Implement routine poultry management practices such as, poultry hygiene, debeaking, pasting and detoeing;  Identify poultry diseases and take the necessary control measures  Prepare your poultry products for the market and record all your activities. Course Content This course is divided into the following 9 units:  Unit 1: Introduction to Poultry Keeping  Unit 2: Poultry Housing  Unit 3: Breeds of Poultry  Unit 4: Poultry management systems  Unit 5: Feed management  Unit 6: Routine poultry management practices  Unit 7: Health management  Unit 8: Poultry products and marketing To help you acquire the skills you need to be a good poultry farmer, you will be expected to attend demonstration seminars which will be held at the Thika Training Poultry Keeping & Management Page 6 Institute’s model farm. Icons Used in the Units In the margin of these units, you will find the following icons which tell you what to do: Read the objectives of the unit. Complete the Activity. Activities help you to process and apply what you are learning. Read the summary of what you have covered in the unit. Take note of an important point. Poultry Keeping & Management Page 7 Unit 1 Introduction to Poultry Keeping Welcome to the first unit in our course on poultry farming. In this unit you learn about the advantages and disadvantages of poultry farming, the economics of poultry keeping and what motivates farmers to keep poultry. We shall also give you a summary of the cost of poultry production to help you assess if the business is profitable. Let us start by reviewing our objectives for this unit. Unit Objectives By the end of this unit you should be able to:  Explain the advantages and disadvantages of poultry keeping.  Assess the viability of your poultry business. Section 1.1: Advantages and Disadvantages of Poultry Keeping. As you well know, poultry is kept in many rural and peri-urban homes in Kenya either for domestic or commercial purposes. In this section we shall discuss the advantages and disadvantages of poultry keeping. A pedicure on the other hand, is a beauty treatment for improving the condition and appearance of the feet and toenails. A standard pedicure starts with sanitizing the feet. This is followed by filing and/or cutting the toenails, and soaking the feet in warm, soapy water to which an antiseptic is added. Once the feet are softened, the therapist then proceeds to scrub any areas of the foot which has hardened, rough skin. Under the nail is cleaned and cuticles are gently pushed back. Nail polish is then applied to the toenails. Advantages of Poultry Keeping What are the advantages of poultry keeping? Think about it for a minute and then complete the following activity. Poultry Keeping & Management Page 8 We believe your list included the following advantages of poultry keeping:  Chicken can be reared in a small space  The stocks needed to start a chicken business are readily available  Chicken can be reared throughout the year  The returns on investment take a shorter time  Many people prefer to eat chicken compared to other sources of protein  Chicken feed on by-products such as, maize germ, maize bran, sunflower seed cake, wheat bran and wheat pollard  Market for chicken meat is wide and lucrative  Growing customer base does not require advertisement CHOLESTORAL

TAFADHALI SHARE HABARI HII KWA RAFIKI ZAKO HAPO CHINI ILI IWAFIKIE NA WENGINE PIA

Pig industry sustains livelihoods of many families in Kenya. Pig rearing has been one of wellestablishedindustry in Kenya following growing export markets and increasing number of health conscious consumers. Pig production if efficiently managed has great potentials for increasing protein supply in Kenya. Smallholder pig farms in Tharaka-Nithi County have been facing varying and dismal profits. The main objective of this study will be to establish which institutional arrangements and management factors affect the profit efficiency of small-holder pig farmers in Tharaka-Nithi County. A multi-stage purposive sampling technique will be adopted to collect cross sectional data of eighty (80) smallholder pig farmers in Maara Constituency by the use of semi-structured interview schedules. The work will employ Data Envelopment Analysis to come up with profit efficiency rankings among the farmers and stochastic frontier profit function will be used to analyze the factors that affect profit efficiency. The data will be processed using STATA and DEA Frontier packages. The findings could be useful to the stakeholders of the pig industry sub sector to formulate policies pertaining to pig enterprise inputs, marketing issues and financial products and also can establish benchmarks which can be used as a package for enhancing and stabilizing profit efficiencies of smallholder pig farmers which in turn could help improve the Kenya economy. An Overview of Livestock Sub-sector in Kenya Perspectives, Opportunities and Innovations for Market Access for Market Access for Pastoral Producers Recent statistics point that the livestock sub-sector in Kenya accounts for approximately 10% of the National Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This is 30% of the agricultural GDP. It employs about 50% of the national agricultural workforce and about 90% of the ASAL workforce. 95% of ASAL household income comes from this sub-sector. This is despite the fact that the sector receives only 1 % of the total annual budget allocation. The livestock resource base is estimated at 60 million units comprising of 29 million indigenous and exotic chicken, 10 million beef cattle, 3 million dairy and dairy crosses, 9 million goats, 7 million sheep, 0.8 mi camels, 0.52 mi donkeys and 0.3 million pigs. (Strategy for Revitalizing Agriculture (SRA) 2003) Kenya is broadly self-sufficient in most livestock products but is a net importer of red meat mostly inform of on-the-hoof animals trekked across the porous boundaries of neighbouring countries- Somalia, Ethiopia, Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania. Livestock supply in Kenya results from a complex set of interactions between Kenya and its neighbours and the traditional Middle East market and their respective livestock populations, demand and market prices. Kenya is part of a regional market where livestock flow according to markets and price differentials in a liberalized system throughout the region as a whole and where Nairobi represents a focus of demand for the region Supply of red-meat from domestic cattle, shoats and camels falls short of demand, and is almost permanently augmented by a traditional livestock trade drawn in from neighbouring countries, especially Somalia, Tanzania, Sudan and Ethiopia in varying quantities according to demand, which maintains a supply/demand [1.6MB]SIJAAMINI WEMA SEPETU ANACHOKIFAYA HAPO KWENYE HII VIDEO BOFYA UONE

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