MAAJABU YA MTANDAONI,BOFYA HAPO CHINI HUTAAMINI MACHO YAKO
Feed is 60-70% of the costs of producing commercial poultry.
Feed is the major constraint (difficulty) to producing poultry in developing countries
Compounded (mixed) feed is expensive. There may be no feed mill and mixed feed is not readily available in many regions.
Feed may have to come a long distance and probably will be very expensive and unreliable so you have to order well in advance.
Often, only very few suitable ingredients (feedstuffs) are produced in the country and most are imported.
Fish meal (rarely) or fish waste, also palm kernel meal, brewery waste, copra meal, wheat bran and rice bran, broken rice may be available. But these are largely inadequate for formulating a high – quality, commercial poultry diet especially for broilers
Feed ingredients are mixed according to a special recipe to provide a balanced diet
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Baby chicks need a feed of the highest quality. That is one that is especially high in good quality protein (e.g. soybean meal, fishmeal) to match the protein found in meat and eggs
Chicks also need a source of feed energy (wheat bran, cassava, cereal grains) to make them grow well
Chicks also need other nutrients (minerals and vitamins) but only in small amounts
A specialist person formulates (puts together) diets suitable for chickens. That person should also give you good advice on what to and how to feed your poultry
If some feedstuffs are available locally, farmers who receive the right advice may want to mix their own ingredients
First there is a need to get in a stock of the raw materials (ingredients). You will need to weigh out the ingredients or have containers which will hold known weights of different feedstuffs
Baby chicks need a feed of the highest quality. That is one that is especially high in good quality protein (e.g. soybean meal, fishmeal) to match the protein found in meat and eggs
Chicks also need a source of feed energy (wheat bran, cassava, cereal grains) to make them grow well
Chicks also need other nutrients (minerals and vitamins) but only in small amounts
A specialist person formulates (puts together) diets suitable for chickens. That person should also give you good advice on what to and how to feed your poultry
If some feedstuffs are available locally, farmers who receive the right advice may want to mix their own ingredients
First there is a need to get in a stock of the raw materials (ingredients). You will need to weigh out the ingredients or have containers which will hold known weights of different feedstuffs
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The feedstuffs must be thoroughly mixed with a shovel or in a home-made mixer. It can be made from a drum. Also a cement mixer can be used.
Do not store your feed for too long
Weevils will quickly destroy your feed
Ingredients and the mixed feed must be stored in a dry place and safe from birds and rats
6.1 Choice feeding
Sometimes it is better to let the birds select their own feed and balance their diet themselves. This is called choice feeding or self-selection. Feed ingredients are not mixed together but are placed in separate feeders (about 3) and the chickens in this way make a choice. There are only certain situations where this can be done, usually when the birds are on the ground or the floor.
Sometimes a grain balancer ration is available from the feed mill. This special feed (high in protein) will allow local ingredients to be used and the balancer meets those
TAFADHALI SHARE HABARI HII KWA RAFIKI ZAKO HAPO CHINI ILI IWAFIKIE NA WENGINE PIA
Pig industry sustains livelihoods of many families in Kenya. Pig rearing has been one of wellestablishedindustry
in Kenya following growing export markets and increasing number of health
conscious consumers. Pig production if efficiently managed has great potentials for increasing
protein supply in Kenya. Smallholder pig farms in Tharaka-Nithi County have been facing
varying and dismal profits. The main objective of this study will be to establish which
institutional arrangements and management factors affect the profit efficiency of small-holder
pig farmers in Tharaka-Nithi County. A multi-stage purposive sampling technique will be
adopted to collect cross sectional data of eighty (80) smallholder pig farmers in Maara
Constituency by the use of semi-structured interview schedules. The work will employ Data
Envelopment Analysis to come up with profit efficiency rankings among the farmers and
stochastic frontier profit function will be used to analyze the factors that affect profit efficiency.
The data will be processed using STATA and DEA Frontier packages. The findings could be
useful to the stakeholders of the pig industry sub sector to formulate policies pertaining to pig
enterprise inputs, marketing issues and financial products and also can establish benchmarks
which can be used as a package for enhancing and stabilizing profit efficiencies of smallholder
pig farmers which in turn could help improve the Kenya economy.
An Overview of Livestock Sub-sector in Kenya Perspectives, Opportunities and Innovations for Market Access for Market Access for Pastoral Producers Recent statistics point that the livestock sub-sector in Kenya accounts for approximately 10% of the National Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This is 30% of the agricultural GDP. It employs about 50% of the national agricultural workforce and about 90% of the ASAL workforce. 95% of ASAL household income comes from this sub-sector. This is despite the fact that the sector receives only 1 % of the total annual budget allocation. The livestock resource base is estimated at 60 million units comprising of 29 million indigenous and exotic chicken, 10 million beef cattle, 3 million dairy and dairy crosses, 9 million goats, 7 million sheep, 0.8 mi camels, 0.52 mi donkeys and 0.3 million pigs. (Strategy for Revitalizing Agriculture (SRA) 2003) Kenya is broadly self-sufficient in most livestock products but is a net importer of red meat mostly inform of on-the-hoof animals trekked across the porous boundaries of neighbouring countries- Somalia, Ethiopia, Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania. Livestock supply in Kenya results from a complex set of interactions between Kenya and its neighbours and the traditional Middle East market and their respective livestock populations, demand and market prices. Kenya is part of a regional market where livestock flow according to markets and price differentials in a liberalized system throughout the region as a whole and where Nairobi represents a focus of demand for the region Supply of red-meat from domestic cattle, shoats and camels falls short of demand, and is almost permanently augmented by a traditional livestock trade drawn in from neighbouring countries, especially Somalia, Tanzania, Sudan and Ethiopia in varying quantities according to demand, which maintains a supply/demand
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